Hybridization studies and reciprocal crosses were carried out on Basella alba var alba and Basella alba var rubra morphotypes in the family Basellaceae collected from various locations in the southwestern part of Nigeria. This was done to ascertain the possibility of gene exchange between the morphotypes and to examine the performance of the F₁ hybrids produced in other to help in their genetic improvement. A total of 300 crosses were carried out between the Basella alba and Basella rubra morphotypes studied. From the Basella alba × Basella rubra 150 crosses, 19 individuals were raised out of which two did not grow beyond two leave stage. The hybrids had purple pigmentation. From the reciprocal 150 Basella rubra × Basella alba crosses, 21 hybrids were raised of which 3 failed to germinate beyond two leave stage and all the remaining had red pigmentation. The F₁ hybrids obtained from the crosses showed no significant difference with the parents in the vegetative and reproductive characters studied. The hybrids obtained were not significantly different irrespective of the choice of maternal parent as the red pigmentation was dominant. It was concluded that the hybrids showed no clear superiority compared with the parents except that it matured earlier under our environmental conditions.

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• Genetic diversity assessment of accessions of Basella alba var alba and Basella alba var rubra morphotypes using vegetative and reproductive trait
  Isaac Oluwatobi Adeniran, Abolade Oluremi Bolaji
  International Journal of Vegetable Science.2024; 30(2): 163.     CrossRef

Inbred lines generated from 10 maize population developed between 1979 and 2008 were used to investigate the inbreeding depression of tropical maize varieties developed at different breeding eras and evaluated in (optimal and stressed) condition. Across all the environments used for this study, estimates of inbred depression (I) for grain yield which ranged from 15.63% for optimum environment to 35.85 under stem borer infestation, showed differences in the severity of the effects of practicing inbreeding in each of the populations and the different environments. The highest values of inbreeding depression for grain yield were recorded under stem borer infestation. The effect of inbreeding was the most severe for var. DMR-LSR-W under borer infestation and least for DMR-LSR-Y in stress free environment. This is an indication that the responses of the maize populations to inbreeding as well as the rate of attaining homozygosity differed with environments. Across the four different environments under which the genotypes were evaluated, average inbreeding depression for grain yield were greater relative to other traits considered which should be expected since grain yield is a quantitatively inherited trait, governed by many genes each with minor effects.

The in vitro vegetative propagation technique of the Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum (callus propagation) still have problems to date. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the media and plant growth regulator (PGR) on seed germination and callus induction with shoot tip as an explant and use the planlet from elongation treatment result. The seed germination uses modified Knudson C (KC medium) with the addition of 3 concentrations of NAA (0; 5; 10 mg/L). The second study is the elongation treatment of the explants uses four modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (1/2 P, ½ P5, MP and MP5). And for the callus induction study consisted of two methods, callus induction with direct planting to the treatment medium by using SH medium with addition of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) 1 mg/L and Thidiazuron (TDZ) (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 dan 2 mg/L). The second method used the explants resulted from elongation treatment. It used half-strength Wattanawikkit medium with addition of TDZ (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 mg/L) and 2,4-D (0; 1; 5; 10 mg/L). All callus then subcultured in the half-strength MS (½ MS) medium containing 2,4-D 1 mg/L and TDZ (0; 1; 1.5 mg/L). All the experiments used a completely randomized design with 3 repetitions. The results showed that the seeds germinated 2 months after planting (MAP) for all media. The optimal media for explants elongation of P. glaucophyllum was MP5 media. Meanwhile, for the first callus induction experiments, explants had more callus in basic SH media with 2.4-D 1 mg/L and TDZ 0.5-1.5 mg/L that grew in the dark. The second experiment, the optimal medium for callus induction was half MS with Thidiazuron 1.5 mg/L and 2.4-D 1 mg/L (T1.5D1). The the suitable medium for callus development is ½ MS) medium with 2,4-D 1 mg/L.

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• Optimizing indirect organogenesis and chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis to ensure high survival rate of Capparis decidua under ex vitro conditions
  Vineet Soni, Renu Sharma, Upma Bhatt, Yashwant Sompura
  In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant.2025; 61(6): 1328.     CrossRef
• Asymbiotic Seed Germination and In Vitro Propagation of the Thai Rare Orchid Species; Eulophia bicallosa (D.Don) P.F.Hunt & Summerh.
  Thanakorn Wongsa, Jittra Piapukiew, Kanlaya Kuenkaew, Chatchaya Somsanook, Onrut Sapatee, Julaluk Linjikao, Boworn Kunakhonnuruk, Anupan Kongbangkerd
  Plants.2025; 14(14): 2212.     CrossRef
• Clonal propagation of rare orchid species Paphiopedilum spp. (Orchidaceae) to save Indonesian biodiversity
  Nurul Istiqomah, Hesti Indriani, Yusril Ihza Farhan Wijaya, Safitri, Dyah Carinae Yalapuspita, Elizabeth Handini, Surya Diantina, Popi Aprilianti, Endang Semiarti
  South African Journal of Botany.2024; 172: 779.     CrossRef

Peanut variety identification is essential for protecting the intellectual property rights of researchers, ensuring quality management for producers, and safeguarding the interests of seed production stakeholders. In this research, we developed a molecular marker set for peanut variety identification using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. We used genotyping data and selection procedures, including decision tree and optimal combination selection, to identify a minimal set of informative SNP sites. These SNPs were then converted into Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers. We selected a subset of 14 informative SNPs from a pool of 22 candidate markers, representing the minimum number of combinations required to distinguish cultivars. SNPs obtained from the microarrays were converted to KASP markers and then evaluated across 51 peanut varieties. The developed marker set, which consists of a minimal number of markers, is expected to be a rapid and cost-effective tool for peanut variety identification.

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] seed has poor storability under high temperature and high humidity. It loses viability in a relatively short time. Seed aging of stored soybeans leads to poor germination and a decrease in yield. The accelerated aging vigor test, which provides useful information for determining seed storability as well as field emergence potential, is a rapid aging experiment and could be used to determine soybean seed quality. This study was conducted to determine the seed viability of Korean soybean cultivars and soybean lines with altered fatty acid compositions under accelerated aging conditions. Results demonstrated that Songhagkong, a Korean soybean cultivar, was the most stable at 3, 4, and 5 days of accelerated aging conditions. Furthermore, two soybean lines with high stearic acid content exhibited >70.0% reduction rate, whereas three soybean lines with high oleic acid content exhibited 7.4%-11.8% reduction rates. Soybean lines with mid-oleic acid and elevated linolenic acid contents exhibited various reduction rates depending on genotypes. Therefore, these soybean lines can be used as breeding material for developing a new soybean cultivar with strong seed vigor and better storability under unfavorable conditions. Therefore, a genetic study on this soybean cultivar is warranted.

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• Non-Destructive Detection of Soybean Storage Quality Using Hyperspectral Imaging Technology
  Yurong Zhang, Wenliang Wu, Xianqing Zhou, Jun-Hu Cheng
  Molecules.2025; 30(6): 1357.     CrossRef
• Measures to Revitalize Seed Processing to Improve Added Value in Crop Breeding
  Jin-heon Kim, Dong-gyu Kim, Ki-Taek Kim, Chanju Yu
  Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2024; 56(1): 19.     CrossRef
• Prediction of Seed Viability in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy
  Hee-Jong Woo, Kyung-Soon Kim, So Yeon Hong, Hyemyeong Yoon, Nayoung Ro, Gyu Taek Cho, Ho-Cheol Ko, Dong Su Yu
  Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2024; 56(4): 461.     CrossRef

Rice domestication has led to cultivated rice with no or short awns. Discovery of novel genes associated to awn length is of paramount importance for understanding the molecular mechanisms for the transformation of wild rice long awns to awnless cultivated rice. In this study, we employed Next-Generation Sequencing based QTL-seq approach to identify genomic regions associated with awn length using mapping population derived from a cross between awnless Tun Sart and awned Sobaekmangsudo. QTL-seq analysis identified two awn length QTLs viz. qAwn-4 (12.8-20.3 Mb) and qAwn-8 (22.3-27.2 Mb) on chromosome 4 and 8, respectively. Based on the sequence comparison between the two parents, Os04g0350700 (bHLH transcription factor) was postulated to be the candidate of Awn-4 gene. Further discovery of the novel genes in qAwn-8 interval will provide insights into the genetic architecture of awn length.

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• Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in Iranian local rice genotypes for yield, and some agronomic traits
  Mostafa Modarresi
  Reproduction and Breeding.2026; 6(1): 9.     CrossRef
• QTLs associated with sex inheritance in Pistacia atlantica
  S. Kafkas
  Acta Horticulturae.2025; (1439): 425.     CrossRef
• OsLRR-RLP2 Gene Regulates Immunity to Magnaporthe oryzae in Japonica Rice
  Hyo-Jeong Kim, Jeong Woo Jang, Thuy Pham, Van Tuyet, Ji-Hyun Kim, Chan Woo Park, Yun-Shil Gho, Eui-Jung Kim, Soon-Wook Kwon, Jong-Seong Jeon, Sun Tae Kim, Ki-Hong Jung, Yu-Jin Kim
  International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(4): 2216.     CrossRef

Hairs on the leaf are an important agronomic characteristic for rice growth and farming. The segregation ratio of pubescence in the F₂ population showed that the pubescence on the leaf is controlled by a single dominant gene. Fine mapping for the gene was carried out by producing an Indel (insertion-deletion) primer based on BSA-Seq data. Results of the analysis revealed within the candidate site the presence of HL6, a published pubescence gene. By haplotype analysis of HL6 in the core-collection data, SNPs were found in HL6’s exons between the plants. These sequence variations can be useful for marker-assisted selection.