There is a growing preference for using doubled haploids (DHs) in maize breeding programs because they reduce the time required to generate and evaluate new lines to 2 years or less. However, there is an urgent need for efficient techniques that accurately discriminate between haploid and diploid maize kernels. Here, we investigate the effects of several hormones and chemicals on the germination of haploid and diploid maize kernels, including auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis inhibitor (fluridone), ABA catabolism inhibitor (diniconazole), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and NaCl. Ethylene effectively stimulated the germination of both haploid and diploid maize kernels. The ABA biosynthesis inhibitor fluridone, the ABA catabolism inhibitor diniconazole, and MeJA selectively stimulated the germination of haploid maize kernels. By contrast, gibberellin, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), kinetin, and NaCl inhibited the germination of both haploid and diploid maize kernels. These results indicate that the germination of haploid maize kernels is selectively stimulated by fluridone and diniconazole, and suggest that ABA-mediated germination of haploid maize kernels differs from that of diploid maize kernels and other plant seeds.
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Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) of wheat reduces grain yield and has deleterious effects on wheat flour quality. PHS resistance is strongly associated with grain color and seed dormancy. Resistance to PHS is a priority of wheat breeding program. We have studied a population of 122 Doubled Haploid (DH) lines from the cross between two cultivars, ‘Keumkang’ and ‘Olgeuru’, in order to detect QTLs correlated with PHS resistance. PHS was evaluated using mist spray in the humid chamber (PHS-MS), and the germination index (GI) was determined for two years. The variety ‘Keumkang’ has white grains and higher percentage of PHS rate (30.2%), while ‘Olgeuru’ has red grains and lower PHS rate (2.8%). There was significant difference in grain color according to the GI. PHS-MS was positively correlated with GI (r = 0.732,
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