The accumulation of reactive oxygen species induces oxidative stress, contributing to cellular damage, aging, and the development of chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disorders. Natural antioxidants derived from plants have gained increasing attention as safer alternatives to synthetic compounds. In this study, the antioxidant potential of 57 samples from three Agastache species (A. rugosa, A. foeniculum, and A. urticifolia) were evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content assays. Apigenin, chlorogenic acid, and rosmarinic acid concentrations were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Significant inter- and intra-species variations were observed, with A. urticifolia showing the highest average antioxidant activity. The relative antioxidant capacity index was used to integrate multiple assay results. Positive correlations between TPC and radical scavenging activity confirmed the contribution of phenolic compounds. These findings highlight the potential of Agastache species as natural antioxidant resources for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications.
A novel allele of the putative soybean raffinose synthase gene, RS2, was discovered in PI200508 that is associated with the low raffinose and stachyose content. Soybean line PI200508 was identified as expressing reduced levels of raffinose and stachyose as well as elevated levels of sucrose. The RS2 mutant gene shows three base pairs InDel with the normal gene. Based on InDel region we developed novel co-dominant and dominant marker. The aim of this study was to develop Korean soybean cultivars, Daewon, Cheongja, and Danmiput, containing low levels of raffinose and stachyose. A specific markers assay for the PI200508 RS2 allele was developed to allow direct selection of the low raffinose and stachyose phenotype. Our findings highlight the efficiency of allele-specific markers in selection, which is evident in the matching genotype and results of the HPLC in the F2 generations of Daewon×PI200508 population.
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