Rice is globally one of the most important cereal crops that faces osmotic stress under any kind of abiotic stresses. An experiment was conducted under controlled condition to study the effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) induced osmotic stress on root and root hair morphology and associated biochemical traits in four morphologically diverse rice genotypes. Plants were grown hydroponically. Two treatments, 0% (control) and 5% PEG 6000 (w/v), were imposed on 38 days old plants for 17 days’ duration. Main root axis length at first three youngest root bearing phytomers (Pr1-Pr3) was increased in Binadhan-11 but decreased in Binadhan-7 and BRRI dhan 71 under 5% PEG treatment compared to control. This result indicated that Binadhan-11 increased new root length perhaps to explore stress free environment. Length of L-type first order lateral root was also significantly increased by 2.03 fold in Binadhan-11 under 5% PEG treatment compared to control. Density and length of root hairs were increased at first order lateral roots in Binadhan-11 under 5% PEG treatment compared to control treatment those contributed largely to root surface area. Measurements of H₂O₂ and MDA revealed that Binadhan-11 was less affected by the oxidative damage caused by PEG. Data provides insight into the root morphological plasticity of four morphologically diverse rice varieties under PEG-induced osmotic stress.

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Plant AT-rich sequence and zinc-binding (PLATZ) proteins constitute a plant-specific transcription factor family with two conserved zinc-dependent DNA-binding domains. The PLATZ proteins operate significant functions in regulating plant development and resistance. To date, PLATZ genes have been studied only in a few model plants, including Arabidopsis, rice, maize and soybean, but not yet in any Brassica species. We identified 24 Brassica rapa PLATZ gene family (BrPLATZ) genes through genome-wide characterization and profiled their expression using available RNA-Sequencing data. We divided 153 PLATZ proteins from eight plant species into seven groups based on sequence alignment and phylogeny. The BrPLATZ genes were generally conserved in groups with similar motif and exon-intron distribution. The 24 BrPLATZ genes were located in eight of the ten B. rapa chromosomes, with segmental duplication detected in 20 paralogs. Analysis of Ka/Ks ratios revealed that the duplicated genes were under purifying selection. Cis-elements analysis implied that BrPLATZ genes are diverse in functions including tissue-specific, stress and hormone responsive expressions. Furthermore, expression profiling based on RNA-sequencing data revealed that the BrPLATZ genes were expressed in various tissues, with most genes preferentially expressed in flower and silique compared to other tissues. Systematic analysis revealed structural and functional diversity among BrPLATZ proteins, which indicated the possibility of diverse functions of BrPLATZ genes in development and stress resistance. The characterization of PLATZ gene family members may aid in the selection of appropriate candidate genes responsible for biological functions in B. rapa and relevant species.

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