The development of rice seedlings stressed by drought and salt is shown by different morphometric and colorimetric traits. These distinctions can be used to understand the response of plants to challenging conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of image-based phenotyping in the early testing of rice plants and observe how the plants respond to both drought and salinity. A stress tolerance index with multivariate analysis was used for the selection of the most important traits. The experiment consisted of 2 factors, namely the degree of environmental stress and rice genotype. Furthermore, the degree of environmental stress comprised normal (NaCl and PEG 0%), drought (10% PEG), salinity (60 mM NaCl), as well as a combination of moderate drought and salinity (5% PEG + 30 mM NaCl). The results showed that both morphometric (area, convex hull, bounding area, perimeter, centermassy) and colorimetric (CIVE, VARI, RGBVI, MGRVI, NDI, GLI, NGRDI) can be used as selection characters.
Citations
The development of rice varieties that are tolerant of drought stress needs to be detected with Image-based phenotyping. This Image-based phenotyping method in combination with selection index and multivariate analysis can characterize the morphological response easily within a short time, which makes it is suitable for rice screening under drought stress. Therefore, this study aims to determine the selection index based on multivariate analysis and assess the effectiveness of using image-based phenotyping in drought rice screening. This study was conducted in two stages, the first was in static hydroponic and the second was in dynamic hydroponic. In static hydroponic, a split-plot design was used, where the levels of drought were the main plots and varieties were the subplots. However, in dynamic hydroponic, a nested design was used, where the replicates were nested in the drought level treatments. Also, The drought level factors used were PEG 0%, PEG 10%, and PEG 20%, and the variety factor consisted of 5 varieties which were repeated three times. The results showed that the selection index for static hydroponic consisted of shoot area (0.421), green shoot area (0.4177), and the area growth rate (0.4192). Meanwhile, the selection index in dynamic hydroponics consisted of object extent Y from the side (0.4516) and convex hull from the side (0.4177). The regression of the two-selection index has a good determination of 0.84. Hence, these results showed that rice screening based on image-based phenotyping can be recommended for rapid screening under drought stress.
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One of approaches to maintain the yield stability of the lowland tropical wheat is the use of secondary traits in the selection process. The identification of these characters requires a statistical approach in the form of genetic parameter analysis and multivariate analysis. The
objective
of this study was to determine the secondary traits of adaptive wheat mutants in the lowlands through the use of genetic parameters and multivariate analysis on the parameters. The study consisted of three field trials conducted in three different regencies, namely Jeneponto (135 m above sea level (asl)), Maros (100 m asl) and Bantaeng (125 m asl). The study used a nested design, where replications were nested in the environments. The genotype factors consisted of 20 genotypes repeated three times. 11 characters were observed including vegetative and reproductive characters. The analysis used consisted of repeatability, correlation, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, factor analysis, and cross print analysis. The overall results of the analysis indicate that the number of productive tillers is the main secondary trait for the selection of adaptive wheat in the lowlands. The character can be recommended for selection criteria in testing wheat lines in the lowlands to make an effective selection.
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