Gibberellins (GAs) are important hormones at every plant developmental stage including vegetative and reproductive. It is reported in many plant species that many dwarfism and male sterile mutants have defective GA biosynthesis genes. RNA interference (RNAi) technology can reduce expression of specific genes at the transcription level. Also, promoters can control the spatial and temporal expression of genes. Specific promoters containing the RNAi vector can control specific genes’ spatial and temporal expression at the transcriptional level. In this study, at first, five anther specific promoters were chosen and verified by examining their tissue specific expression using promoter::GUS transgenic analysis. RNAi vectors, which contain five anther specific promoters and one constitutive promoter fused to GA biosynthesis related genes, were constructed for controlling of GA biosynthesis in stem and floral tissue. OsAct1 promoter containing OsGA20ox1 and OsGA3ox2 RNAi T1 plants showed reduced gene expression and short plant height phenotype compare to wild type plant. OsGA20ox and OsGA3ox RNAi transformants also showed reduced fertility or sterile phenotype.

A tissue-specific and developmentally expressed gene was isolated from Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis), designated BrREF (B. rapa Rubber elongation factor). BrREF transcripts were expressed at high levels in seedlings and at low levels in flower buds and roots. To study the activity of this promoter, the 2.2 kb upstream sequence of BrREF gene was fused to a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and was introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana and B. napus by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Strong expression of GUS driven by the BrREF promoter was detected in the cotyledons and hypocotyls of transgenic plant seedlings, but GUS expression was weak in roots, excluding the root tips. GUS expression in the cotyledons and hypocotyls decreased dramatically as the seedlings matured and was not detected in the tissues of mature plants. During floral development, GUS expression was observed in immature anthers. These findings suggest that the BrREF promoter can modulate the tissue-specific and developmental expression of gene at the early stages of growth and development.

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  Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2024; 56(3): 179.     CrossRef

Vacuolar proteins are associated with various functions, such as germination and programmed cell death (PCD) activity. Precursors of most vacuolar proteins are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER). They are transported to the vacuoles, and converted into the mature forms. Vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) is responsible for maturation of vacuolar proteins. Intensive studies revealed that VPE-mediated system is important for vacuolar functions in plant. However, the role and mechanism of VPE still remain to be elucidated, especially in wheat. Here, we isolated three putative wheat VPE genes which were designated as TaVPE2, 3 and 4. To investigate the expression of TaVPEs, RT-PCR was conducted using RNAs extracted from caryopsis, pericarp, leaf and/or stem tissues at seed development stage and leaf, stem and/or root of seedling with phytohormone or abiotic stress treatment. Transcript accumulation of TaVPEs including TaVPE1 was displayed in caryopsis during seed development stage. TaVPE1, TaVPE2 and TaVPE3 were expressed in root under abiotic stress whereas they showed no or very weak expression pattern in other tissue. Promoter region of TaVPEs contain many environmental-associated and tissue-specific cis-elements. In fact, VPEs sensitively responded to certain treatment condition. TaVPEs belong to seed type VPE in phylogenetic grouping. However, expression pattern of TaVPEs is different from other seed type VPEs. The classification into vegetative and seed type VPE according to gene expression patterns cannot be applied to TaVPEs.

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• Indications of programmed cell death in wheat roots upon exposure to silver nanoparticles
  Filiz Vardar, Fatma Yanik
  Acta botanica Croatica.2025; 84(1): 91.     CrossRef
• Characterization of a vacuolar processing enzyme expressed in Arachis diogoi in resistance responses against late leaf spot pathogen, Phaeoisariopsis personata
  Dilip Kumar, Sakshi Rampuria, Naveen Kumar Singh, Pawan Shukla, P. B. Kirti
  Plant Molecular Biology.2015; 88(1-2): 177.     CrossRef
• The Amborella vacuolar processing enzyme family
  Valérie Poncet, Charlie Scutt, Rémi Tournebize, Matthieu Villegente, Gwendal Cueff, Loïc Rajjou, Thierry Balliau, Michel Zivy, Bruno Fogliani, Claudette Job, Alexandre de Kochko, Valérie Sarramegna-Burtet, Dominique Job
  Frontiers in Plant Science.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef