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Research Article

Fatty Acid Composition, Isoflavone and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) Contents in Different Parts of Faba Bean (Vicia faba) Genotypes

Jaihyunk Ryu1, Dong-Gun Kim1, Min-Kyu Lee1, Jung Min Kim1, Min Jeong Hong1, Kyung-Yun Kang2, Seok Hyun Eom3, Si-Yong Kang1, Jin-Baek Kim1, Soon-Jae Kwon1,*
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology 2017;5(4):314-324.
Published online: December 1, 2017

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*Corresponding author: Soon-Jae Kwon, soonjaekwon@kaeri.re.kr, Tel: +82-63-570-3312, Fax: +82-63-570-3814
• Received: October 31, 2017   • Revised: November 20, 2017   • Accepted: November 20, 2017

Copyright © 2017 The Korean Society of Breeding Science

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fatty Acid Composition, Isoflavone and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) Contents in Different Parts of Faba Bean (Vicia faba) Genotypes
Plant Breed. Biotech.. 2017;5(4):314-324.   Published online December 1, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/PBB.2017.5.4.314
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Fatty Acid Composition, Isoflavone and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) Contents in Different Parts of Faba Bean (Vicia faba) Genotypes
Plant Breed. Biotech.. 2017;5(4):314-324.   Published online December 1, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/PBB.2017.5.4.314
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Fatty Acid Composition, Isoflavone and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) Contents in Different Parts of Faba Bean (Vicia faba) Genotypes
Image
Fig. 1 Morphological profiles of different parts of the faba bean genotypes. (A) seed, (B) immature pod, (C) leaf, 1–10: accession numbers listed in Table 1.

Fig. 1

Fatty Acid Composition, Isoflavone and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) Contents in Different Parts of Faba Bean (Vicia faba) Genotypes

Origin, morphological characteristics, and yield traits of the faba bean genotypes used in this study.

No. Accession number Origin Leaf size Leaf shape Pod size Seed size Seed color Flowering time No. of Seed (ea/plant) One hundred seed weight (100 ea/g)
1 PI252004 Turkey Small Spatulate Small Medium Purple 29. Apr 141.0cz) 98.9b
2 PI284345 Italy Meddle Elliptic Small Medium Brown 6. May 75.4f 97.8b
3 PI366039 Argentina Meddle Elliptic Small Medium Black 13. May 123.3d 93.3b
4 PI369511 Turkey Meddle Elliptic Small Medium Brown 29. Apr 88.5e 85.4b
5 PI430715 Hungary Large Spatulate Small Medium Brown 6. May 155.0b 86.4b
6 PI469147 Iran Large Ovate Meddle Medium Brown 6. May 122.0d 87.9c
7 PI533728 Spain Meddle Ovate Large Medium Brown 13. May 145.7bc 87.8d
8 PI567883 Turkey Meddle Spatulate Large Large Yellow 13. May 87.0e 122.2a
9 PI614810 USA Meddle Ovate Small Small Brown 13. May 160.5a 38.6e
10 PI655319 Morocco Meddle Spatulate Large Large Yellow 6. May 65.8g 135.7a

z)The letters above each point indicate a significant difference at the 0.05 probability level (Duncan’s multiple range tests, n = 3).

The weather conditions of cultivation area.

Temperature (°C) Humidity (%) Wind speed (m/s) Solar radiation (w/m2) Rainfall (mm)
Mean Min. Max. Mean Min. Max. Mean Max. Mean Total
March 8.26 −3.6 25.9 72.71 13 113 0.87 10 177.45 38.0
Apr. 15.64 5.2 29.2 87.57 15 113 0.77 9 240.59 122.5
May 20.80 7.4 35.1 72.77 16 113 0.81 10 281.15 43.0
Jun. 24.62 14.3 34.8 89.07 22 113 0.57 13 261.03 68.5

Fatty acid compositions in different parts of faba bean genotypes.

No. RTz) Name of the compound Total (%)
PI252004 PI284345 PI366039 PI369511 PI430715 PI469147 PI533728 PI567883 PI614810 PI655319
Leaf
 1 13.7 Myristic acid 0.1by) 0.2a 0.0c 0.0c 0.1b 0.1b 0.0c 0.0c 0.0c 0.2a
 2 15.2 Palmitic acid 13.1b 15.4a 12.0b 12.1b 13.0b 13.1b 12.2b 12.1b 11.9b 15.2a
 3 15.7 Palmitoleic acid 3.9ab 3.0bc 3.5ab 4.0a 3.6ab 3.1bc 3.3bc 3.9ab 3.5ab 2.8c
 4 17.2 Stearic acid 2.1c 2.7a 1.4e 1.6de 2.3b 1.7d 1.8d 1.9cd 1.3e 2.4b
 5 17.8 Oleic acid 3.6cd 4.3a 3.1f 3.7cd 3.2ef 4.1ab 3.8bc 3.5de 4.1ab 4.1ab
 6 18.8 Linolelaidic acid 13.3ab 13.1cd 13.2bc 13.5a 13.2bc 13.0d 12.8e 11.0h 12.7e 11.5g
 7 19.8 Phytanic acid 3.5ab 3.0ab 3.4ab 3.5ab 3.3ab 3.4ab 2.9b 3.9a 3.4ab 2.7b
 8 20.4 α-linolenic acid 60.5c 58.6d 63.6a 61.6b 61.4b 61.6b 63.2a 63.7a 63.1a 61.2b
Immature pod
 1 13.7 Myristic acid 0.5a 0.4b 0.5a 0.3b 0.0d 0.0d 0.0d 0.5a 0.0d 0.2c
 2 15.1 Palmitic acid 21.7c 23.7ab 23.0bc 23.2ab 22.8ab 23.0ab 25.3ab 22.0c 25.8a 25.2ab
 3 15.3 Palmitoleic acid 0.5c 0.6e 0.0g 0.4d 1.4b 1.0a 0.3e 0.5c 0.5g 0.2f
 4 17.0 Stearic acid 1.9d 2.2b 2.2b 2.2b 1.9d 2.1c 2.1c 1.9d 2.6a 1.9d
 5 17.7 Oleic acid 6.1b 7.9a 6.3b 7.6a 3.0e 5.4c 5.9bc 7.4a 3.0e 4.4d
 6 19.0 Linoleic acid 58.7a 51.7d 58.9a 56.0b 46.9f 52.6d 53.9c 55.5b 49.4e 56.0b
 7 19.2 γ-linolenic acid 1.3d 0.7f 0.3g 0.9e 2.6a 2.4b 1.0e 1.4c 0.0h 1.0e
 8 19.6 Arachidic acid 0.6b 0.7a 0.8a 0.6b 1.2c 1.1c 0.8c 0.9c 0.5c 0.3d
 9 19.8 Phytanic acid 0.0c 0.3b 0.0c 0.0c 0.5a 0.0c 0.0c 0.0c 0.5a 0.0c
 10 20.4 α-linolenic acid 9.3f 12.4c 8.4g 8.9fg 20.4a 12.4c 10.8de 10.3e 18.2b 11.0d
 11 20.7 Gondoic acid 0.0d 0.0d 0.0d 0.0d 0.7a 0.6a 0.3c 0.4b 0.0d 0.0d
Grain
 1 15.0 Palmitic acid 17.6cd 19.6ab 18.7ab 18.2bc 16.9d 19.2ab 18.6ab 19.9ab 20.8a 20.4ab
 2 15.3 Palmitoleic acid 0.3d 0.0e 0.0e 0.0e 3.1a 0.7c 0.0e 0.0e 1.2b 0.0e
 3 17.0 Stearic acid 2.2b 2.4a 2.5a 2.4a 2.1bc 2.1bc 2.0c 2.5a 1.6d 2.5a
 4 17.7 Oleic acid 10.2cd 12.6a 10.8bc 12.7a 6.1f 8.8e 9.8d 11.4b 5.5f 11.3b
 5 19.0 Linoleic acid 63.6a 58.2e 61.2c 59.2d 45.7g 59.1d 62.4b 57.3f 56.7f 57.4f
 6 19.2 γ-linolenic acid 0.0e 0.4d 0.0e 0.6d 12.3a 2.4c 0.0e 0.0e 4.2b 0.0e
 7 19.5 Arachidic acid 1.0b 1.2a 1.4a 1.3a 0.0d 0.9b 0.8b 1.2a 0.5c 1.3a
 8 20.4 α-linolenic acid 5.2e 5.0e 4.9e 5.0e 11.1a 6.8c 6.0d 7.0c 9.1b 7.2c
 9 20.7 Gondoic acid 0.0c 0.0c 0.0c 0.0c 2.7a 0.0c 0.0c 0.0c 0.4b 0.0c
 10 23.0 Behenic acid 0.0d 0.5bc 0.6ab 0.6ab 0.0d 0.0d 0.4c 0.7a 0.0d 0.0d

z)Retention time.

y)The letters above each point indicate a significant difference at the 0.05 probability level (Duncan’s multiple range tests, n = 3).

L-dopa and isoflavone content in different parts of the faba bean genotypes.

Accession No. L-dopa (mg/g) Daidzin (mg/100 g) Genistin (mg/100 g) Daidzein (mg/100 g) Genistein (mg/100 g)
Leaf
 PI252004 28.19±6.09cz) 10.05±2.07a 2.00±0.03c 0.97±0.27a 0.34±0.02b
 PI284345 39.82±0.28a 0.97±0.01c 0.32±0.05f 0.17±0.02c 0.69±0.21a
 PI366039 34.61±3.77ab 1.40±0.53c 0.38±0.04f 0.09±0.01c 0.66±0.23a
 PI369511 34.63±6.30ab 4.33±1.21b 4.90±0.52b 0.18±0.02c 0.72±0.06a
 PI430715 29.02±5.26bc 3.71±1.47b 2.40±0.02c 0.27±0.03c 0.85±0.44a
 PI469147 38.63±6.97ab 0.15±0.00c 0.68±0.12ef 0.26±0.05c –b
 PI533728 32.42±4.11ab 1.83±0.65c 1.33±0.24d 0.46±0.08b –b
 PI567883 35.26±4.52ab 1.31±0.53c 0.56±0.10f 0.10±0.01c 0.65±0.18a
 PI614810 33.76±7.28ab 1.84±0.37c 11.46±0.66a 0.39±0.09bc –b
 PI655319 32.79±4.94ab 1.53±0.44c 1.13±0.22de 0.23±0.02c 0.07±0.01b
Immature pod
 PI252004 19.99±0.16f 2.42±0.75bc 0.86±0.05c –c 0.08±0.00cd
 PI284345 23.71±0.11e 2.36±0.74bc 1.12±0.26c 0.24±0.02a 0.31±0.04a
 PI366039 34.29±0.07d 3.11±1.11b 1.11±0.27c –c 0.15±0.01b
 PI369511 20.01±0.18f 2.37±0.98bc 1.27±0.22c 0.10±0.01b 0.10±0.00c
 PI430715 79.58±0.40a 3.16±0.68b 3.46±0.64a 0.23±0.05a 0.10±0.01c
 PI469147 43.89±0.50c 0.31±0.05c 2.37±0.38b 0.26±0.04a 0.05±0.01d
 PI533728 20.46±0.04f 1.45±0.42bc 0.81±0.15c –c 0.07±0.00d
 PI567883 17.65±0.06g 1.81±0.55bc 1.31±0.16c –c 0.07±0.00d
 PI614810 71.37±0.50b 6.58±3.15a 2.72±0.64b –c –e
 PI655319 16.31±0.02h 1.57±0.49bc 1.27±0.14c –c 0.09±0.00cd
Grain
 PI252004 0.72±0.03g 0.60±0.07d 0.91±0.10d –c –c
 PI284345 3.97±0.01c 3.13±0.92b 1.91±0.41c 0.86±0.68b 0.05±0.01c
 PI366039 1.76±0.68f –e 2.85±0.33bc 1.60±0.50a 0.31±0.04b
 PI369511 3.98±0.01c 3.75±0.35b 3.01±0.22b –c –c
 PI430715 15.69±0.10a 1.99±0.07c 5.32±0.91a 0.38±0.03b 0.94±0.27a
 PI469147 5.07±0.05c –e 4.70±0.20a 0.43±0.24b 0.84±0.28a
 PI533728 3.36±0.02d 6.50±0.19a 2.97±0.52b 0.03±0.00c –c
 PI567883 2.36±0.00e 3.27±0.23b 3.16±0.40b 0.05±0.01c 0.03±0.01b
 PI614810 10.43±0.03b 6.79±0.40a 2.76±0.97bc 0.06±0.03c 0.16±0.02b
 PI655319 3.52±0.05d 3.30±0.02b 2.38±0.50bc 0.23±0.05c 0.16±0.02b

z)The letters above each point indicate a significant difference at the 0.05 probability level (Duncan’s multiple range tests, n = 3).

Correlation coefficients between L-dopa and fatty acid content for faba bean genotypes.

Compounds Oleic acid Arachidic acid Phytanic acid α-linolenic acid Behenic acid
L-dopa −0.779** −0.560** 0.408* 0.459* −0.498**

*P < 0.05,

**P < 0.01.

Table 1 Origin, morphological characteristics, and yield traits of the faba bean genotypes used in this study.

The letters above each point indicate a significant difference at the 0.05 probability level (Duncan’s multiple range tests, n = 3).

Table 2 The weather conditions of cultivation area.
Table 3 Fatty acid compositions in different parts of faba bean genotypes.

Retention time.

The letters above each point indicate a significant difference at the 0.05 probability level (Duncan’s multiple range tests, n = 3).

Table 4 L-dopa and isoflavone content in different parts of the faba bean genotypes.

The letters above each point indicate a significant difference at the 0.05 probability level (Duncan’s multiple range tests, n = 3).

Table 5 Correlation coefficients between L-dopa and fatty acid content for faba bean genotypes.

P < 0.05,

P < 0.01.

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

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