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Research Article

Genetic Behavior of Families Selected from Some Local Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) Populations in Egypt

Ehab Awad-Allah Ibrahim1,*, Mohamed Youssif Abed1, Ali Mohamed Moghazy2
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology 2013;1(4):396-405.
Published online: December 31, 2013

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*Corresponding author: Ibrahim E.A., e_ebraheem@yahoo.com, Tel: +20-2-3572-0617, Fax: +20-2-3572-1628
• Received: December 18, 2013   • Revised: December 24, 2013   • Accepted: December 27, 2013

Copyright © 2013 The Korean Society of Breeding Science

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Genetic Behavior of Families Selected from Some Local Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) Populations in Egypt
Plant Breed. Biotech.. 2013;1(4):396-405.   Published online December 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/PBB.2013.1.4.396
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Genetic Behavior of Families Selected from Some Local Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) Populations in Egypt
Plant Breed. Biotech.. 2013;1(4):396-405.   Published online December 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/PBB.2013.1.4.396
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Genetic Behavior of Families Selected from Some Local Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) Populations in Egypt
Genetic Behavior of Families Selected from Some Local Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) Populations in Egypt

The means of all studied traits for 14 selected families of okra at S0, S1 and S2 generations.

Families Days to first flower appearance Plant height (cm) No. branches No pods/plant Pod length (cm) Pod diameter (cm) Neck/pod ratio Plant yield (g)
1 S0 78.1 120 8.9 99.3 3.9 1.8 30.3 397
S1 75.6 113 8.9 94.5 3.5 1.5 29.9 378
S2 73.5 108 8.8 91.8 3.2 1.3 28.9 361
2 S0 78.3 116 7.6 63.1 4.5 2.1 28.8 356
S1 74.4 108 7.2 59.3 4.1 1.9 26.8 325
S2 71.3 104 6.9 57.0 3.8 1.7 25.5 309
3 S0 81.0 113 7.1 72.2 4.2 1.9 28.5 348
S1 79.5 107 6.3 68.4 3.8 .7 27.0 321
S2 77.5 102 5.4 65.5 3.5 1.5 25.9 299
4 S0 79.3 156 5.5 76.5 3.9 2.2 30.0 337
S1 76.7 150 4.3 72.7 3.5 1.9 28.6 311
S2 73.1 146 3.3 68.9 3.1 1.7 27.2 288
5 S0 81.8 137 7.4 61.5 2.9 2.1 22.1 295
S1 79.6 131 6.3 58.1 2.6 1.8 20.2 269
S2 78.3 128 5.1 56.1 2.3 1.5 19.0 256
6 S0 79.4 125 7.8 69.0 4.0 2.2 29.4 340
S1 75.6 119 7.1 65.7 3.7 1.9 27.6 311
S2 73.2 116 6.3 62.2 3.4 1.7 26.1 293
7 S0 77.7 149 6.7 95.3 4.1 2.4 29.7 382
S1 73.8 143 5.8 89.6 3.8 2.2 27.5 363
S2 70.4 139 5.4 86.6 3.6 2.0 26.3 349
8 S0 79.8 127 7.7 85.3 4.0 1.8 24.5 335
S1 77.6 121 7.1 81.8 3.6 1.6 22.9 309
S2 75.9 117 6.3 78.2 3.3 1.4 21.6 293
9 S0 73.4 135 7.2 89.6 3.9 2.2 27.2 438
S1 69.5 130 6.6 85.3 2.6 1.9 25.2 416
S2 67.0 127 5.2 81.5 3.2 1.7 23.9 404
10 S0 76.7 135 6.4 81.4 3.2 2.0 28.9 356
S1 72.6 128 5.3 77.9 2.8 1.8 26.8 329
S2 69.3 127 4.2 74.4 2.5 1.6 25.5 311
11 S0 77.1 106 6.7 83.1 3.3 1.9 32.4 358
S1 73.3 101 6.0 78.3 3.0 1.7 31.1 333
S2 70.7 97 5.1 75.7 2.8 1.6 30.0 315
12 S0 74.0 158 6.3 96.6 4.1 2.5 29.9 436
S1 68.2 153 5.6 92.7 3.8 2.3 28.3 410
S2 65.2 151 4.4 89.3 3.5 2.1 27.1 394
13 S0 79.5 149 6.8 97.1 3.3 1.6 31.7 412
S1 76.7 145 6.2 93.4 2.9 1.4 30.1 390
S2 73.6 143 5.1 90.7 2.7 1.3 29.7 377
14 S0 76.4 144 6.5 87.6 4.2 2.1 24.1 398
S1 72.6 139 5.3 82.1 3.9 1.9 21.8 370
S2 70.9 136 4.4 78.2 3.6 1.8 20.6 353

The ranges of all studied traits for 14 selected families of okra at S0, S1 and S2 generations.

Families Days to first flower appearance Plant height (cm) No. branches No pods/plant Pod length (cm) Pod diameter (cm) Neck/pod ratio Plant yield (g)
1 S0 66–81 94–129 8–9 80–103 2.7–4.1 1.2–2.2 24.0–31.1 318–416
S1 69–78 99–121 8–9 84–98 2.8–3.7 1.2–1.9 25.4–30.3 329–399
S2 71–75 102–115 8–9 86–96 2.9–3.5 1.2–1.6 26.6–29.2 341–382
2 S0 65–80 92–124 5–8 49–68 3.4–4.7 1.3–2.3 21.6–29.5 281–383
S1 66–77 95–116 5–7 52–64 3.5–4.4 1.3–2.1 22.9–28.0 292–358
S2 68–73 97–109 5–7 54–61 3.6–4.1 1.4–1.9 24.1–16.8 299–353
3 S0 67–83 103–122 5–8 54–76 3.1–4.5 2.1–2.2 21.2–29.8 248–386
S1 70–81 95–115 5–7 58–72 3.2–4.2 2.1–2.0 22.5–28.5 266–354
S2 73–79 89–109 5–7 61–79 3.3–3.9 2.2–2.8 23.9–26.7 271–321
4 S0 65–81 128–166 3–6 56–81 2.7–4.1 1.2–2.4 21.9–31.2 249–373
S1 67–78 135–159 3–5 61–76 2.8–3.6 1.4–2.2 23.9–29.9 261–342
S2 70–75 140–151 3–5 64–73 2.9–3.3 1.5–2.0 25.1–28.8 271–310
5 S0 66–83 11–149 4–8 50–65 2.1–3.1 1.1–2.3 17.1–23.6 208–327
S1 71–81 118–138 4–7 52–62 2.1–2.7 1.2–2.1 17.5–21.4 220–292
S2 74–80 122–134 4–8 54–59 2.2–2.5 1.3–1.9 17.8–20.3 234–273
6 S0 65–81 99–137 5–8 51–73 3.1–4.1 1.1–2.4 22.1–30.6 221–386
S1 67–77 103–131 5–7 54–68 3.1–3.8 1.3–2.2 23.2–28.9 249–351
S2 70–74 109–124 5–7 57–65 3.2–3.6 1.4–2.0 24.1–27.8 262–328
7 S0 63–79 120–159 5–7 72–100 3.1–4.2 1.3–2.6 21.5–31.0 296–405
S1 66–75 126–150 5–6 77–94 3.3–4.0 1.5–2.4 24.0–29.8 315–378
S2 68–73 131–144 5–6 81–91 3.4–3.8 1.7–2.2 25.1–28.1 324–367
8 S0 67–82 104–138 5–8 62–92 2.9–4.1 1.1–2.1 18.0–27.2 250–371
S1 70–80 109–130 5–8 67–87 3.0–3.8 1.2–1.9 19.1–22.7 267–329
S2 72–78 113–125 5–7 71–83 3.1–3.5 1.2–1.7 20.3–23.5 278–318
9 S0 60–75 111–148 4–8 65–95 2.7–4.1 1.1–2.4 19.5–29.5 419–451
S1 63–72 117–142 4–7 70–89 2.9–3.8 1.3–2.2 20.1–27.1 395–438
S2 65–69 122–135 4–6 73–86 3.0–3.5 1.4–2.0 21.6–25.4 372–427
10 S0 61–79 102–144 3–7 55–88 2.0–3.5 1.1–2.3 20.9–29.9 318–381
S1 64–75 113–137 3–6 60–82 2.1–3.2 1.3–2.1 22.2–28.2 287–348
S2 66–72 119–134 3–5 63–78 2.2–3.0 1.3–1.9 23.3–27.8 273–329
11 S0 60–79 84–121 4–7 60–89 2.2–3.7 1.1–2.1 24.3–32.9 326–386
S1 63–76 90–115 4–7 65–84 2.4–3.4 1.3–1.9 26.1–32.5 305–354
S2 65–73 94–109 4–6 69–81 2.5–3.1 1.3–1.8 27.2–31.2 276–329
12 S0 60–77 119–167 3–7 65–101 2.7–4.2 1.3–2.6 21.8–31.6 330–458
S1 62–72 124–162 3–6 71–95 3.0–4.0 1.5–2.4 23.1–30.5 355–431
S2 63–69 130–158 3–6 73–92 3.2–3.8 1.7–2.3 24.4–29.4 368–418
13 S0 65–81 112–158 4–7 71–104 2.0–3.6 1.1–1.9 24.6–32.6 317–440
S1 67–78 117–152 4–7 78–98 2.2–3.2 1.2–1.7 26.1–31.4 331–411
S2 69–75 121–148 4–6 82–96 2.4–3.0 1.2–1.5 27.2–30.2 343–385
14 S0 63–80 113–157 3–7 58–92 2.8–4.4 1.1–2.4 17.2–27.0 296–421
S1 66–76 120–151 3–7 64–87 3.1–4.1 1.3–2.2 17.9–24.4 314–396
S2 68–73 126–144 3–6 67–83 3.3–3.9 1.5–2.0 18.5–22.7 326–372

Analysis of variance for all studied traits in 14 selected families of okra after two cycles of pedigree selection.

Source of variation df Days to first flower appearance Plant height (cm) No. branches No pods/plant Pod length (cm) Pod diameter (cm) Neck/pod ratio Plant yield (g)
Replicates 2 0.81 0.14 0.01 0.54 0.003 0.001 10.38 1.26
Genotype 13 36.76** 919.03** 7.54** 438.18** 0.605** 0.164** 32.63** 5896.38**
Error 26 2.27 9.89 0.44 9.72 0.026 0.026 0.13 205.71

Mean performance of 14 selected families of okra after two cycles of pedigree selection for studied traits.

Families Days to first flower appearance Plant height (cm) No. branches No. pods/plant Pod length (cm) Pod diameter (cm) Neck/pod ratio Plant yield (g)
1 73.5 108.2 8.81 91.8 3.2 1.3 28.94 360.9
2 71.3 103.7 6.87 57.0 3.8 1.7 25.54 308.7
3 75.5 101.5 5.35 65.5 3.5 1.5 25.89 299.2
4 73.1 146.4 3.32 68.9 3.1 1.7 27.17 288.3
5 78.3 127.7 5.11 56.1 2.3 1.5 18.98 255.5
6 73.2 115.8 6.27 62.3 3.4 1.7 26.14 293.1
7 70.4 139.4 5.43 86.6 3.6 2.0 26.34 348.6
8 75.9 117.3 8.25 78.2 3.3 1.4 21.60 292.7
9 67.0 127.2 5.18 81.5 3.2 1.7 23.93 403.8
10 69.3 124.2 4.23 74.4 2.5 1.6 25.52 311.4
11 70.7 97.1 5.08 75.7 2.8 1.6 30.04 315.0
12 65.2 150.9 4.36 89.3 3.5 2.1 27.08 394.1
13 73.6 142.6 5.12 90.7 2.7 1.3 29.71 376.5
14 70.9 136.0 4.40 78.2 3.6 1.8 20.55 353.3
General mean 72.0 124.1 5.6 75.4 3.2 1.6 25.5 328.7
 L.S.D.
  0.05 2.53 5.28 1.12 5.23 0.270 0.271 0.61 24.07
  0.01 3.42 7.14 1.51 7.07 0.365 0.367 0.82 32.54

Genetic estimates of all studied traits in 14 selected families of okra after two cycles of inbreeding with selection.

Traits Variance Coefficient of variation Heritability h2B GA*
σ2g σ2ph σ2gl GCV (%)
Days to first flower appearance 11.49 13.77 2.27 4.71 5.15 0.83
Plant height (cm) 303.05 312.94 9.89 14.02 14.25 0.97
No. branches 2.37 2.81 0.44 27.57 30.05 0.84
No. pods/plant 142.82 152.54 9.72 15.84 16.37 0.94
Pod length (cm) 0.193 0.219 0.026 13.83 14.73 0.88
Pod diameter (cm) 0.046 0.072 0.026 13.12 16.43 0.64
Neck/pod ratio 10.83 10.96 0.13 12.89 12.97 0.99
Plant yield (g) 1896.89 2102.60 205.71 13.25 13.95 0.90

*GA = Genetic advance as percent of mean

Estimates of genotypic (rg) and phenotypic (rph) correlations among all studied traits of S2 okra.

Traits Plant height (cm) No. branches No. pods/plant Pod length (cm) Pod diameter (cm) Neck/pod ratio Plant yield (g)
Days to first flower appearance rg −0.31* 0.41** −0.45** −0.35* −0.70** −0.30* −0.73**
rph −0.33 * 0.24ns −0.47 ** −0.19ns −0.67 ** −0.30 * −0.73 **
Plant height (cm) rg −0.60** 0.39** −0.05ns 0.46** −0.12ns 0.36*
rph −0.48 ** 0.41 ** −0.09ns 0.44 ** −0.10ns 0.39 **
No. branches rg 0.09 ns 0.30* −0.62** 0.014ns −0.08ns
rph 0.16 ns 0.14ns −0.31 * 0.04ns 0.04ns
No. pods/plant rg 0.09ns −0.001ns 0.43** 0.81**
rph 0.01ns 0.115ns 0.43** 0.82**
Pod length (cm) rg 0.61** 0.03ns 0.32*
rph 0.30* 0.01ns 0.18ns
Pod diameter (cm) rg −0.09ns 0.23ns
rph −0.05ns 0.34*
Neck/pod ratio rg 0.34*
rph 0.34*
Table 1 The means of all studied traits for 14 selected families of okra at S0, S1 and S2 generations.
Table 2 The ranges of all studied traits for 14 selected families of okra at S0, S1 and S2 generations.
Table 3 Analysis of variance for all studied traits in 14 selected families of okra after two cycles of pedigree selection.
Table 4 Mean performance of 14 selected families of okra after two cycles of pedigree selection for studied traits.
Table 5 Genetic estimates of all studied traits in 14 selected families of okra after two cycles of inbreeding with selection.

GA = Genetic advance as percent of mean

Table 6 Estimates of genotypic (rg) and phenotypic (rph) correlations among all studied traits of S2 okra.

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

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