Genetic diversity among 20 Azerbaijani grape (Vitis vinifera L.) accessions was assessed using 10 Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers to elucidate relationships among samples and identify a convenient marker for determining genetic diversity. Based on the polymorphic information parameters such as PIC, EMR, MI, and RP were critically analyzed for utilizing these ISSR primers for genetic variability and 4 ISSR (UBC 811, UBC 812, UBC 815, UBC 857) markers were selected for future germplasm management. The total number of identified bands varied between 2-5. The maximum PIC value was observed in UBC 857 (0.478). Among genotypes, Ag oval kishmish and Yumru kishmish cultivars had the closest genetic similarity index (0.913), while Ag oval kishmish and Marandi, Yerli Muskat and Yabani uzum 1, Yerli Muskat and Yumru kishmish cultivars had the most distant genetic similarity index (0.406). These findings highlight both the complexity of grapevine genetic structure and the value of ISSR markers for detecting non-obvious relationships.

The genus Rhynchostylis contains important commercial orchids in Thailand with high diversity, but limited information is available regarding the genetic diversity of these orchids. Rhynchostylis has a short blooming period, which makes more difficult to distinguish between variations based only on their appearances. This study evaluated the genetic variation among six accessions of Rhynchostylis, along with one Vanda and one Aerides accession collected from different locations in the northeast of Thailand using 16 polymorphic inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The ISSR markers comprised 83 alleles with sizes ranging from 208 to 1,223 bp. The average number of alleles per locus was 5.19, with a standard deviation of 3.49. The average percentage of polymorphic bands was 95.21%. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged between 0.05 and 0.44, with a mean average of 0.21. The calculated genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.383 to 0.914, suggesting a high level of genetic diversity among all the samples. UPGMA dendrograms were created using genetic similarity coefficients and divided into three main clusters. Cluster I contained four closely related R. gigantea orchids. Cluster II comprised two accessions, R. gigantea var. vivaphandhul and V. coelestis, while Cluster III contained two accessions of R. retusa and A. houlettiana. Based on ISSR data, the genetic similarities among the 8 orchid accessions do not correlate with flower color phenotypes and sampling locations, except for Cluster I. The results suggest that ISSR markers can effectively assess the genetic information of both wild and cultivated orchid resources. This study provides useful information for further development of novel markers specific to orchid varieties and for assisting the success of orchid breeding programs through the selection of parent plants.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Phylogenetic relationship based on DNA barcodes and comparative analysis of phytochemical contents among Rhynchostylis orchids in Thailand
  Juthaporn Saengprajak, Jirapa Phetsom, Aphidech Sangdee, Arnusorn Saengprajak, Thanwanit Thanyasiriwat, Wuttipong Mahakham
  Scientific Reports.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Development of ISSR-derived SCAR markers for precise identification and conservation of Rhynchostylis gigantea and its variety rubrum in Thailand
  Juthaporn Saengprajak, Thanwanit Thanyasiriwat, Arnusorn Saengprajak, Aphidech Sangdee
  South African Journal of Botany.2026; 189: 551.     CrossRef

The genetic variability and yield stability are complex traits with large environmental components that are utilized for breeding of improved plant performance under drought conditions. In order to better understand the relationship among genotype, trait components, and environment, marker-trait associations in 20 wheat varieties using phenotypic and ISSR (Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat) markers under drought conditions were examined. The combined analysis of variance results showed that the tested traits were significantly influenced by years, irrigation treatments, and the varieties. The drought stress conditions resulted in a substantial reduction in grain yield by 33.70%. The varieties viz., Shakha-93, Sahel-1, Giza-160, Giza-168, Sids-1, Sids-4 and Nilen were relatively drought resistant (DSI, Drought Susceptibility Index values< 1) and gave high grain yield when compared with the average of all varieties under drought stress. The stability analysis revealed that the cultivar named ‘Sids-1’ showed high and stable yield (b_i=1 and S²d_i = 0), so it could be selected to be grown under drought stress conditions. On the other hand, Shakha-92 and Bacanora-88 showed below-average stability (b_i = 1.35 & 1.42), indicating that these genotypes perform well under normal conditions. The percent of polymorphism (%P) among varieties ranged from 25 to 80% with an average of 52.08%. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values varied from 0.08 to 0.28. Plant height and 1000-kernel weight showed significant regressions (23.83 and 27.54) under normal irrigation conditions, respectively. Moreover, under drought stress conditions, plant height, 1000-kernel weight and no. of spikes/m² showed significant regressions of 40.38, 20.95 and 24.95, respectively.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Molecular Characterization of Some Wheat Varıeties and Genotypes Grown in Syrıa and Türkiye Using ISSR Marker Technique
  Mhammed Anwr Jatal, Civan Çelik, Yaşar Karakurt, Emre Sevindik
  Biology Bulletin.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Genetic association analysis of grain yield-related traits in Aegilops tauschii under drought and non-stress conditions
  Mehran Falaknaz, Ali Aalami, Ali Ashraf Mehrabi, Danial Kahrizi, Atefeh Sabouri
  Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• ISSRs profiles and protein patterns related to yield and yield compositions in several bread wheat genotypes growing under thermal stress
  Esam M. Mohamedahmed, Adil A. El Hussein, Marmar A. El Siddig
  Journal of King Saud University - Science.2024; 36(4): 103139.     CrossRef
• Breeding for silicon-use efficiency, protein content and drought tolerance in bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.): a review
  Marylyn M. Christian, Hussein Shimelis, Mark D. Laing, Toi J. Tsilo, Isack Mathew
  Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science.2022; 72(1): 17.     CrossRef
• Integrated farming systems for prosperity of marginal farmers and sustainable agriculture: a roadmap for India
  U K BEHERA
  The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences.2019; 89(11): 1755.     CrossRef
• Association Analysis for Stability Parameters in Bread Wheat Using ISSR Markers
  anita Yaghotipoor, Ezatollah Farshadfar, Mohsen Saeidi
  Journal of Crop Breeding.2018; 10(26): 153.     CrossRef

Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) is a technique that leads to the development of novel specific molecular markers and relationship analysis between species. In this study, 54 ISSRs were used to develop cultivar-specific DNA sequence characterized amplified regions (SCARs) for Korean wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum). Using nine of 54 UBC ISSR primers, 16 cultivar-specific fragments were detected among 32 wheat cultivars. Of the 16 primers, 10 successfully amplified targets in 32 cultivars and six novel cultivar-specific markers were finally selected. A total of 13 Korean wheat cultivars (Ol, Dahong, Namhae, Jinpum, Anbaek, Jopoom, Jokyung, Sinmichal 1, Jeokjoong, Dajung, Goso and Joah) were classified by newly developed six SCAR markers. Cultivar-specific markers can be used not only for cultivar fingerprinting but also for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding program.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Molecular Characterization of Some Wheat Varıeties and Genotypes Grown in Syrıa and Türkiye Using ISSR Marker Technique
  Mhammed Anwr Jatal, Civan Çelik, Yaşar Karakurt, Emre Sevindik
  Biology Bulletin.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Assessment of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Genes in Domestic Wheat Varieties
  Myoung Hui Lee, Changhyun Choi, Sumin Hong, Chon-Sik Kang, Mira Yoon, Ki-Chang Jang, Chul Soo Park, Kyeong-Min Kim
  Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2024; 56(3): 205.     CrossRef
• Research Advances in Biofortification and Bioavailability of Fe and Zn for Improving the Nutritional Value of Wheat
  Jinhee Park, Sumin Hong, Kyung-Hoon Kim, Kyung-Min Kim, Go-Eun Lee, Myoung-Goo Choi, Chon-Sik Kang, Youngjun Mo, Chul Soo Park, Changhyun Choi
  Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2023; 55(4): 325.     CrossRef
• Research Advances in Wheat Breeding and Genetics for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance
  Myoung-Hui Lee, Sumin Hong, Kyeong-Min Kim, Sun-Hwa Kwak, Changhyun Choi, Chon-Sik Kang, Chul Soo Park, Youngjun Mo, Kyeong-Hoon Kim
  Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2023; 55(3): 195.     CrossRef
• Identification of Korean Wheat Cultivars Using Multiplex STS-SSR Markers
  Ri Choi, Jin-Hee Yu, Su-Min Hong, Kyung-Min Kim, Han-Yong Jung, Youngjun Mo, Chul Soo Park
  Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2022; 54(2): 119.     CrossRef
• High-throughput SNP markers for authentication of Korean wheat cultivars based on seven complete plastomes and the nuclear genome
  Woohyeon Cho, Jin-Kee Jung, Min-Young Kang, Yong Weon Seo, Jee Young Park, Tae-Jin Yang
  Food Science and Biotechnology.2022; 31(4): 423.     CrossRef
• Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Korean Common Wheat (Triticum Aestivum)
  Kyeong Do Min, Yu Na Kang, Chang Soo Kim, Chang Hyun Choi, Jae Yoon Kim
  Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2021; 53(3): 277.     CrossRef
• Comparative Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Some Non-commercial Cultivars of Musa L. from Assam, India, Using Morphometric and ISSR Markers
  Kongkona Borborah, Debanjali Saikia, Mehzabin Rehman, Md. Aminul Islam, Saurov Mahanta, Jnandabhiram Chutia, S. K. Borthakur, Bhaben Tanti
  International Journal of Fruit Science.2020; 20(sup2): 1814.     CrossRef