This study aimed to enhance the Inpari 42 rice variety by integrating the aromatic trait through Marker-Assisted Backcrossing (MAB) while improving key agronomic characteristics in the BC1F1 generation. The aromatic gene from Merah Wangi was successfully introgressed into BC1F1 plants, confirmed through molecular analysis using the Bradbury marker, which detects mutations in the
Rice is one of the most important sources of energy for Iranians. Currently, approximately four million tons of paddy are produced annually in 19 provinces of the country. More than 50 new rice cultivars have been introduced in Iran over the last 60 years. The average yield of rice in these years has increased from 2 t ha‒1 to nearly 5 t ha‒1 in farmers’ paddies, although some improved cultivars can produce up to 9 t ha‒1. The main strategy of rice breeding in Iran during the first 40 years was purifying local populations, introducing foreign lines, and producing high-yielding cultivars by cross-breeding and mutagenesis. Meanwhile, the production of high-quality cultivars from crosses between local varieties and high-yielding cultivars has been more emphasized recently. In this review, along with introducing improved varieties of Iranian rice and their characteristics, different improvement methods for creating these varieties are mentioned. Along with traditional breeding methods, it seems that Marker-assisted breeding and breeding by rational design can play important roles in the future of rice breeding in Iran.
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Rice Breeding in Bangladesh started with establishment of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) in 1970. It aimed at developing modern rice cultivars to benefit farmers. Among BRRI developed varieties, BR11 is considered as most popular Transplanted Aman cultivar having high yield (6.0 t/ha), bold grain and high amylose content. On the other hand, BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 are most popular Boro rice varieties for Irrigated areas. Because, they produce high yield across diverse rice growing areas. BRRI dhan29 is widely grown in haors where rice is grown once in a year. BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 accounted for 50% of total Boro rice areas. As a whole, the popularity of the cultivars BR11, BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 influenced subsequent rice breeding trends and characteristics of new rice varieties. In this review, the pedigree information revealed that IR20 and IR5 acted as key foundation parents in developing the rice cultivar BR11 and BRRI dhan29. In contrast, same parental lineage of renowned IR64 contributed in developing BRRI dhan28. The breeding history, agronomic traits, grain quality and molecular characteristics of above cultivars have been discussed briefly. Thus, the background information generated from this review might help in developing breeding lines with higher genetic diversity, improved tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses to obtain higher genetic gain from a breeding program. Furthermore, basic studies on these varieties and their important progenies might help to disclose the complex genetic control of yield as well as other qualitative traits prioritized by farmers and consumers.
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