Cotton is a globally important fiber crop, but many elite cultivars are recalcitrant to in vitro regeneration. We developed a callus-mediated plant regeneration protocol for the local G. barbadense L. cultivar Surkhan-106. Sterilized seeds were germinated in vitro, and hypocotyl and cotyledon explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with various auxin/cytokinin combinations. Robust callus induction was achieved from hypocotyl explants within 2–3 weeks. Somatic embryogenesis was induced from callus after approximately 12–14 weeks on medium supplemented with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), kinetin, and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Embryogenic callus was periodically subcultured to prevent browning, and torpedo-stage somatic embryos were matured on hormone-free medium. These embryos germinated into plantlets within 10–15 days on MS medium. The entire regeneration cycle, from seed to plantlet, was completed in about 4–5 months. Hypocotyl explants showed significantly higher callus formation frequency (85%) and regeneration efficiency than cotyledon explants (60%) (ANOVA, p < 0.05). This study establishes the first efficient callus-based regeneration system for Surkhan-106, an important Uzbek cotton variety. The optimized protocol can facilitate rapid clonal propagation and genetic transformation of Surkhan-106 and other recalcitrant cotton cultivars, accelerating breeding programs for improved stress tolerance and yield.

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• Molecular and physiological indicators of heat tolerance in upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)
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  Journal of Plant Interactions.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Molecular Characterization of Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Naturally Colored and Elite Upland Cotton Germplasm
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  Journal of Natural Fibers.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef

Euchresta horsfieldii (Lesch) Benn. is a highly demanded medicinal plant with many benefits. In vitro propagation through callus induction is an effective method for rapid multiplication in a short time. This research aimed to evaluate the effective concentration of Benzyl Amino Purine and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxiacetic acid on callus induction and organogenesis for in vitro propagation and secondary metabolite production of E. horsfieldii. The design used in this research was a Complete Randomized Design in 2 factors: Benzyl Amino Purine and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxiacetic acid with 5 levels for each concentration. Parameters observed are the percentage of inducted calluses, callus appearance time, the weight of fresh calluses, the weight of dry calluses, the texture of callus, the color of callus, percentage of the formed shoot, shoot appearance time, the height of shoots, the number of leaves, flavonoid compounds of callus, and bioactive compounds. The result showed that the single treatment of Benzyl Amino Purine and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxiacetic was significantly affecting the shoots forming. The concentration of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxiacetic 0 ppm gave the highest average plantlet height by 2.67 cm, increasing the number of shoots by 2.00, and the number of leaves by 5.60. E. horsfieldii cultured in vitro without additional growth regulators had a higher flavonoid content.

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• Preserving Nature’s Treasure: A Journey into the In Vitro Conservation and Micropropagation of the Endangered Medicinal Marvel—Podophyllum hexandrum Royle
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  Horticulturae.2024; 10(8): 809.     CrossRef

Interspecific hybridization creates new genetic variants. Embryo formation and subsequently fertile seed development are the indicators of successful interspecific hybridization. Often interspecific hybridization is limited due to variations in genome and ploidy levels. The technique of embryo rescue is commonly used in interspecific hybridization to facilitate the survival of embryos from abortion. The effectiveness of an embryo rescue program in the Brassica species depends on embryo age, embryo development stage and media composition. Embryo rescue protocol could be effectively utilized to solve some major problems of the oilseed Brassica growers including blackleg, clubroot and Alternaria disease resistance, salinity, and drought tolerance etc. This review article discusses the prospects of developing novel Brassica hybrid genotypes with desirable traits through embryo rescue.

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• New achievements in tissue culture of the vegetable and medicinal brassica Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC: Axillary shoot proliferation, somatic embryogenesis and histological analysis, and polyphenolic compounds profile of in vitro and acclimatized plants
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Crown flower (Calotropis gigantea) as an herbaceous plant, is wildly recognized for its benefits as a medicinal plant. Phytochemical compounds which are contained in leaves, roots, and flowers of crown flower can be used as medicines. However, crown flower in Indonesia is still not optimal in their utilization. The study aimed to obtain the right concentration of growth regulators Benzyl Amino Purine and Indole Butyric Acid to stimulate optimal growth and secondary metabolites of crown flower. The study used a Completely Randomized Design arranged in a factorial design. The first factor was Benzyl Amino Purine and the second was Indole Butyric Acid. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance with a 5% level test. The interaction of Benzyl Amino Purine and Indole Butyric Acid significantly increased the number of leaves and shoot emergence time. However, medium without Benzyl Amino Purine improved the percentage of root emergence by 100%, the number of roots by 17.2 roots, and plantlet height by 7.45 cm. Optimal concentration was obtained in 3 ppm Benzyl Amino Purine, which produced the high shoot and emergence time, as well as the number of shoots and leaves. Higher flavonoid contents were contained in cultured plants than in conventional cultivation. Optimal growth and phytochemical content give an opportunity to increase the production and the use of crown flower as medicinal plant.

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• An update on biotechnological intervention mediated by plant tissue culture to boost secondary metabolite production in medicinal and aromatic plants
  Shera Pandit Prashant, Mishra Bhawana
  Physiologia Plantarum.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Establishment and Validation of a Robust Reversed-Phase HPLC Method for the Determination of Calotropis gigantea in Bulk Material and Marketed Product
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  Current Pharmaceutical Analysis.2024; 20(8): 920.     CrossRef