Carbohydrates and genetic factors influence cell division in citrus fruits from ovule cultures. Here, we investigated the effects of various carbohydrate sources (sorbitol, maltose, galactose, and lactose) on cell proliferation, somatic embryogenesis, and plant regeneration in three
Cotton is a globally important fiber crop, but many elite cultivars are recalcitrant to in vitro regeneration. We developed a callus-mediated plant regeneration protocol for the local
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Rice blast, caused by the pathogenic fungus
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Foxglove aphid (FA),
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We conducted transcriptome profiling analysis of
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Rice culm is an important trait for determining rice lodging yield, and stem diameter has been suggested as a yield-related trait; however, studies for the genetic basis of its phenotypic variation are still required. In this study, we used 160 recombination inbred lines derived from a cross of two different rice varieties [‘Milyang23’ (Tongil rice) and ‘Giho’ (
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Molecular mapping and application of quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with a higher level of grain Zinc is a viable option to enhance zinc content in rice through breeding. An F2 population derived from a cross between a high yielding variety, BRRI dhan28, and a locally adapted Zn enriched cultivar,
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Knowledge of genetic resources is essential for breeders to create new crop varieties with improved characteristics. In this respect, mutant populations may conveniently provide a powerful tool for identifying new functional genes. Therefore, we used the Micro-Tom tomato variety, which has a reduced size and a relatively short life-cycle compared to other commercial tomato cultivars, to construct a mutant population using gamma-ray radiation as a mutagen. To determine the optimal mutagenic intensity of gamma rays for tomato, dry seeds of Micro-Tom were irradiated with gamma-ray intensities from 0 to 1000 gray (Gy) with increments of 100 Gy. The germination rate of mutagenized seeds (M1 seeds) on MS media was not affected by the tested gamma-ray intensity range. However, seedling growth was severely reduced with increasing irradiation. Seedling growth rate at eight days after germination showed that the median gamma-ray doses for hypocotyl and root elongation were 600 and 300-400 Gy, respectively. The survival test for 300, 400, and 500 Gy-treated M1 seeds showed that survival rates significantly decreased with increasing irradiation. The survival rate of 400 Gy-radiated seeds was 48%, while that of 500 Gy-radiated seeds was only 25%, compared with the control treatment. Therefore, we concluded that gamma-ray irradiation at 300-400 Gy is best for tomato mutagenesis. To find new mutants, M2 seeds produced by M1 plants were grown. We found several mutants, including plants with varying cotyledon number, variegated or red leaves, and green hypocotyls.
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Cherry tomatoes are highly nutritious, flavory with a pleasant taste and are becoming increasingly popular to the consumers. The cherry tomato cv. ‘Minichal’ produced some dwarf plants along with normal plants. Lignin, a phenolic biopolymer is the key component of cell walls in plants. Here, we analyzed lignin biosynthesis-related genes in leaves, inflorescences and fruits of dwarf and normal cherry tomato plants by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Among analyzed genes,
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Flowering time (heading date) of the rice plant is considered an important agronomic trait for environmental adaptation and grain yield. It is controlled by multiple genes and is regulated by different environmental factors, such as day length, temperature, soil moisture, etc. So far, approximately 125 genes regulating flowering process and floral organ identity or development directly or indirectly have been reported in rice. Among these genes, Heading date 3a (
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Aerial surfaces of terrestrial plants are protected from the uncontrolled loss of water and gas by the cuticle, a membrane of fatty acid polymers on the outer surface of epidermal cells. Composed of cutin and waxes, the cuticle protects against a wide range of external stresses and has an important role in plant development and reproduction. Plants with reduced cuticular waxes often exhibit glossy, bright green leaves, which in rice are only observed in the presence of water adhesion. In this study, a wet leaf/glossy (wlg) mutant KDS-2249D was subjected to targeted exon capture and sequencing to identify candidate mutations. A single nonsynonymous, homozygous mutation was found in the KDS-2249D mutant. The mutation (G1080A) is predicted to change a tryptophan at position 360 to a stop codon in the
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Among the plant parasitic nematodes, root knot nematode (RKN) is the most devastating in tomato growing regions. Controlling RKN mostly relies on nematicides. Since chemical application is limited due to adverse environmental effect, alternative approaches are required. Although there are some alternatives, but resistance cultivars are getting popularity in the farmer’s field because of simplicity, cost-effective and environment safety. Genes conferring resistance to RKN have already been identified followed by the introgression into elite cultivars. Currently, natural resistance genes (
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Conventional PCR requires purified DNA molecules as templates. Purification of DNA molecules from a large number of samples is laborious, costly and time-consuming. Therefore, various direct-PCR methods using tissues directly employed as templates have been developed. Using direct-PCR, one can deal with large number of plant samples far more rapidly and efficiently. However, conditions and methods of direct-PCR vary for different plant samples. This is why applications of direct-PCR technology to plant science have been limited. In this study, we have established the appropriate condition for effectively lysing various plant cells and developed the plant cell lysis buffer named ‘Alkaline PEG lysis buffer’ for the direct-PCR. The direct-PCR technology using a newly developed Alkaline PEG lysis buffer successfully amplified different targeted endogenous genes in seven different plant species. This technology is expected to be very useful and effective tool in plant breeding dealing with large number of plants for the selection of targeted traits, markers and pedigrees.
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