Amylopectin branch-chain length distribution is a key determinant of rice starch functionality and eating quality, yet the genetic basis underlying specific chain fractions remains incompletely understood in diverse germplasm. In this study, amylopectin fine structure was quantified in 137 accessions of the Korean Rice Core Selection (KRICE_Core) using HPAEC-PAD, and genome-wide association studies were conducted with 2.1 million high-quality SNPs under the FarmCPU model. The short-chain distribution (SCD, DP 6-12) varied from 26.85% to 37.20%, whereas the intermediate-chain distribution (ICD, DP 12-24) ranged from 52.57% to 61.04%, and the two fractions showed a strong inverse correlation. GWAS identified two major loci on chromosomes 4 and 6, with the chromosome 6 region showing exceptionally strong association signals and co-localizing with
Hairs on the leaf are an important agronomic characteristic for rice growth and farming. The segregation ratio of pubescence in the F2 population showed that the pubescence on the leaf is controlled by a single dominant gene. Fine mapping for the gene was carried out by producing an Indel (insertion-deletion) primer based on BSA-Seq data. Results of the analysis revealed within the candidate site the presence of
Rice domestication has led to cultivated rice with no or short awns. Discovery of novel genes associated to awn length is of paramount importance for understanding the molecular mechanisms for the transformation of wild rice long awns to awnless cultivated rice. In this study, we employed Next-Generation Sequencing based QTL-seq approach to identify genomic regions associated with awn length using mapping population derived from a cross between awnless Tun Sart and awned Sobaekmangsudo. QTL-seq analysis identified two awn length QTLs viz.
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Submergence damage to rice was reported as one of the major problems in rainfed lowland areas where the water remains. This study assessed the submergence tolerance of core collection during the seedling stage of the rice using dry seeds. Also, genome-wide association study (GWAS) combined with principal component analysis (PCA) and kinship matrix analysis was performed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for submergence tolerance. Through this GWAS analysis, nine lead SNPs were confirmed to be associated with submergence tolerance, and a linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay analysis identified the 230 kb exploratory range for the detection of QTLs and candidate genes. Nine QTL were detected, on chromosomes 3 (
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A total of 857 rice breed lines were used to evaluate rice blast resistance. Frequency of leaf spot index was skewed to the right of the 1-9 scale in bar plot, with a score of 7 showing the highest frequency. The average spot index score of 857 breed lines was 5.33. Associations showing higher than the threshold of ‒log10(P) = 5.17 were detected as significant associations. Significantly associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers located within ± 250 kb on the lead SNP position was designated to one QTL locus of lead SNP markers. Five association loci were detected. Two associated QTLs detected on Chr. 4 were designated as qRB4.1 and qRB422, explaining 17.8% and 14.3% of total phenotypic variations, respectively. Associated QTLs detected on Chr. 1, 11, and 12 (one each) designated as qRB1, qRB11 and qRB12 explained 44.6%, 9.09%, and 13.7% of total phenotypic variations, respectively. We compared previously reported QTLs. The location of qRB4.2 was overlapped with the previously reported QTL for blast field resistance. The location of qRB12 was also overlapped with the field resistance leaf blast. The other one, qRB4.1, was overlapped with bacterial blight resistance.
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Bakanae disease is an important fungal disease caused by
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Rice is a temperature-sensitive crop, its yield is severely affected by low temperature, especially cold stress at the seedling stage will delay heading. To understand the genetic basis of cold tolerance, we evaluated the cold tolerance at the seedling stage of 136 rice accessions. To evaluate cold tolerance, we treated rice seedlings with cold water irrigation for ten days and scored the cold tolerance on a 1-9 scale, based on their low-temperature response and subsequent recovery. The genome-wide association study for cold tolerance revealed seven QTLs on chromosomes 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, and 12. The genomic region of the
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Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is one of the important traits that not only cause serious economic issues but also lead to reduction in grain quality and yield in rice (
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This study was carried out to evaluate effect of proton beam irradiation on M1 seed germination and seedling growth. For dosage effect, mature and healthy Supersami2 seeds were irradiated with 0, 204, 395, 502, and 700Gy. The traits for germination were not affected by dosage effect of proton beam irradiation. Germination rate evaluated at 7 days after imbibition ranged from 93.3% to 98.7%; germination vigor ranged from 59.3% to 68.7% where in the dose of 700Gy showed the lowest value of 59.3%. The average days of germination ranged from 1.36 to 1.48. The seedling growth was affected by the dosage. Withered rate (withered plants after germination) was increased as the dose increased. The withered rate of 53.9% was detected in 395Gy and no plant survived in 700Gy. In the ~400Gy treatment, the sensitivity of the traits of germination among Dianxi4, Jeogjinju, MS11(Maligaya Special 11), and Superjami2 was not different while the withered rate was different: 9.7% in MS11, 32.1% in Dianxi4, 53.9% in Superjami2, and 59.7% in Jeogjinju. Based on the germination rate and withered rate, it can be suggested that 350Gy to 450Gy is a starting point for applying proton beam irradiation to rice seed for mutation breeding.
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A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross between Ilpumbyeo (a
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